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Calculate deck materials including boards, joists, posts, railing, and hardware. Get a complete materials list with cost estimates.
Building a deck is one of the best ROI home improvements, returning 65-75% of cost at resale. Proper materials estimation prevents costly mid-project trips and ensures structural integrity. Our deck calculator generates a comprehensive materials list based on standard construction practices.
A standard deck frame consists of support posts set in concrete footings, beams spanning between posts, and joists running perpendicular to the beams. Joists are spaced 16 inches on center (OC) for most decking materials. The ledger board attaches the deck to your house, and rim joists cap the ends. All framing should be pressure-treated lumber rated for ground contact where applicable.
Pressure-treated pine is the most affordable option and suitable for DIY projects. Cedar offers natural beauty and rot resistance without chemical treatment. Composite decking (brands like Trex, TimberTech, and Fiberon) combines recycled wood and plastic for a no-maintenance surface. Tropical hardwoods like Ipe are the premium choice, offering extraordinary durability and natural beauty that weathers to a silver patina.
Deck posts must rest on concrete footings that extend below the frost line. Beams should span no more than 8 feet between posts for standard lumber. Joists have maximum spans depending on size: 2x6 joists span up to 9.5 feet, 2x8 up to 12 feet, and 2x10 up to 15.5 feet at 16-inch OC spacing. Always consult your local building code for specific requirements.
Railings are required on any deck more than 30 inches above grade. Standard railing height is 36 inches for residential decks (42 inches in some jurisdictions). Baluster spacing must not exceed 4 inches. Popular railing options include wood, composite, aluminum, cable, and glass panels.
Start with permits and utility marking (call 811). Lay out footings, pour concrete, and let cure for 24-48 hours. Install posts, beams, and the ledger board. Frame with joists, add blocking, then lay decking. Finish with railing, stairs, and trim. Most DIY decks take 2-4 weekends to complete.
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Browse composite and wood decking with free delivery. Trex, TimberTech, and pressure-treated lumber.
Materials for a 200 sq ft pressure-treated deck run $1,000-$2,000. Cedar costs 2-3x more, and composite (Trex, TimberTech) costs 3-4x more. Add $15-35 per sq ft for professional labor. A typical 16x12 PT deck costs $3,000-$5,000 DIY or $6,000-$10,000 installed.
Standard deck joist spacing is 16 inches on center for 5/4x6 and 2x6 decking. Some composite manufacturers require 12-inch spacing. Always check the decking manufacturer's installation guide for their specific span requirements.
Most jurisdictions require a building permit for attached decks over 200 sq ft or higher than 30 inches off the ground. Permits typically cost $50-$500. The permit process ensures your deck meets structural and safety codes. Unpermitted decks can create issues when selling your home.
Post footings must extend below the frost line, which varies by location -- 12 inches in the South, 36-48 inches in northern states. Minimum footing diameter is typically 12 inches for most residential decks. Use concrete tube forms (Sonotubes) or pre-cast deck blocks where allowed.
Pressure-treated lumber costs less upfront ($1-2/lin ft) but needs staining every 2-3 years and lasts 15-20 years. Composite ($4-8/lin ft) requires virtually no maintenance and lasts 25-50 years. Over 20 years, total cost of ownership is often similar.
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